By Dr. Elisa Pérez (Gynaecologist – Reg. No. 203311163).
Lupus is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system, instead of protecting the body, mistakenly attacks it. It can affect various parts of the body such as the skin, joints, kidneys, or the nervous system. Many women might think this disease could pose a risk when trying to conceive, but rather than a risk, it can be an obstacle, as there are different risk factors associated with lupus that may complicate natural conception.
Lupus is an autoimmune disease that erroneously attacks the body’s own tissues. There are different types, but the most common and also the most complex is systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This disease can have flare-ups (when symptoms worsen) and remission periods (when the disease is more controlled), which could be key when planning a pregnancy.
In general, a woman with lupus can get pregnant naturally, but several factors may negatively impact fertility. For example, if lupus is active, it can interfere with ovulation or cause the menstrual cycle to become irregular. Additionally, some medications used to control lupus can affect ovarian reserve, reducing the number of eggs available and making pregnancy more difficult.

For this reason, if you have been diagnosed with lupus and are not sure when you want to become a mother, it may be worth considering egg cryopreservation, a technique that allows you to preserve eggs for use in future assisted reproductive treatments. This is especially recommended for young women who have the disease under control but are likely to need medication that could affect ovarian function in the future.
Lupus itself does not prevent pregnancy, but a woman with the disease should carefully plan her pregnancy, preferably during a remission phase (when the disease is controlled), and with a specialized medical team that includes rheumatologists, gynecologists, and maternal-fetal medicine specialists.
When lupus is inactive and there is no kidney involvement or presence of high-risk antibodies, most pregnancies reach term without major complications.
If diagnosed with lupus, it is important to know the risks this disease may pose during pregnancy, such as:
Assisted reproduction treatments are perfectly feasible for women diagnosed with lupus, but proper planning and medical follow-up are crucial. Ideally, the disease should be stable, and the medical team should assess each case individually to tailor the treatment. In some cases, mild ovarian stimulation can be performed, or fertilization can be done with previously vitrified eggs if fertility preservation was done earlier.

Lupus is not hereditary in the classical sense, like some genetic diseases. In other words, it is not directly transmitted from mother to child, but there is some genetic predisposition. This means that children of people with lupus may have a slightly higher chance of developing autoimmune diseases in general (not necessarily lupus), but the risk remains low.
Additionally, in very rare cases, if the mother has certain antibodies (such as anti-Ro or anti-La), the baby could develop neonatal lupus, a temporary condition that may cause skin rashes or heart issues. Therefore, these pregnancies require special attention, but it is important to emphasize that this does not mean the child will have chronic lupus.
Lupus does not have to close the door to motherhood. It requires planning, stricter monitoring, and a comprehensive medical approach, but with well-controlled disease and good support, it is possible to get pregnant and have a healthy baby.