Genetic grief is the emotional process experienced by people who are unable to pass on their biological genes to their children when they conceive them through assisted reproduction methods involving egg or sperm donation. In these cases, both parents may experience a range of emotions such as sadness, frustration, loss, and, in some cases, identity crises.
This ‘genetic grief’ involves accepting that your son or daughter will not share your own genetic load. Overcoming it will necessarily involve giving a new meaning to the concept of parenthood, focusing on the emotional and nurturing aspects rather than the genetic ones.
In this context, another concept may also come into play, epigenetics, which offers a new approach for those going through genetic grief, as it helps to understand that the environment provided by the parents plays an active role in the biological configuration of the future baby, thus providing an indirect biological link that can bring comfort to these people who are parents without providing their own oocytes.

For many people, parenthood is related to the transmission of their own genetic load and, knowing that they cannot do so, can generate in them a sense of losing the continuity of cultural or physical characteristics of the family. In this sense, many fear not being able to perpetuate the family lineage.
Sometimes there is also grief related to feelings of guilt, sadness or anguish with a sense of depersonalisation. For some parents, the use of a sperm or egg from donors may mean that their biological function has been ‘interrupted’ or delegated to an outsider.
The truth is that, once they have their baby, many parents discover that their bond does not depend on biology, but on the emotional and affectionate relationship they develop over time. This change of perspective can help them overcome genetic grief and accept their child as their own.
It is essential to think that all these feelings are completely normal and uncontrollable for those who suffer from them. Trying to avoid or repress them can prolong the pain, so it is important to allow yourself to feel these emotions. In this respect, time is a determining factor and each person grieves at his or her own pace.
Specialised professional help can be helpful in restructuring negative thoughts and dealing with anxiety or guilt associated with genetic grief. There are also therapies addressed to this type of grief or support groups that can provide comfort and relief for parents.
In most cases, this genetic grief occurs only during the process of seeking pregnancy, and is minimised or eliminated once the pregnancy is achieved. In others, the genetic grief is overcome once the baby is born. The emotional bond develops very quickly during the upbringing of the newborn.
Learn about the testimonials of patients who have become parents thanks to egg donation at our IVF-Life clinics.

Epigenetics plays a crucial role in explaining why children born through gamete donation may share certain characteristics with their recipient parents, even when there is no direct genetic link. Epigenetics studies how environmental factors and experiences can influence gene expression without altering the genetic sequence itself. In the case of children conceived through gamete donation, the genetic information inherited from the donor is, of course, what will influence characteristics such as eye colour, hair, height, among others.
In this sense, it is important to emphasise that the selection of donors is always carried out in our clinics taking these factors into account so that the physical resemblance to the future parents is as close as possible. Epigenetics suggests that the environment in which the child grows and the experiences he or she has, especially during pregnancy and early life, can influence the way genes are expressed, which may have an effect on physical appearance and other aspects of development.
It is important to understand that physical resemblance or characteristics inherited from parents are not only due to genes passed directly from mother or father, but may also be influenced by epigenetic factors. This is what is known as epigenetic inheritance. During pregnancy, the pregnant mother can ‘mark’ genes that are switched on or off in the embryo, ‘personalising’ their expression.
The constant interaction with their parents can generate changes in neurological development and certain behavioural predispositions so that the children will resemble each other, for example, in the way they express themselves when speaking or in the gestures they make in their daily life. Epigenetics is an ‘additional layer’ of information that modulates the inherited DNA of the donor, so that offspring born may resemble their non-biological parents, highlighting the importance of the uterine environment and early interactions with parents in the child’s development.
Doctor Paloma Baviera, gynaecologist from IVF-Life Alicante specialised in reproductive medicine